The Methodology of Probe Design with Better Resolution and Less Resistive Donut Probe to Achieve the Best Performance

Abstract

Abstract:

Probes are the interface between microsystems and bio-cells. The ideal interface is one-to-one interface. Though various research groups have been able to establish some sort of interfaces after many years of research, they are very crude. Neurons are millions in numbers, whereas the prostheses successfully built so far have only a few hundred probes at best. Creating an ef-fective interface is still far away. Though we have micro- and nano-technologies, we couldn’t build a prosthesis with an effective resolution. Main reasons behind it are the type of probe being used and the poor design of the probe. To address this problem, we developed a methodology to design a probe and an array of probes with better resolution and less resistive donut probe. This methodology helps us to design a probe optimizing all the parameters. We presented our methodology through a design that is capable of 70 μm penetration inside the tissue. The tissue heating by our designed probe is only 0.411 ?C. We also characterized the donut probe, which could be used by any research group to design a donut probe of their specific need.

Key words: donut probe, resolution, methodology, retina, prosthesis, probe design

Mohammad Ismail Talukder, Pepe Siy, Gregory Auner, Jinsheng Zhang. The Methodology of Probe Design with Better Resolution and Less Resistive Donut Probe to Achieve the Best Performance[J].J4, 2009, 6(3): 239-245.

References

[1] Humayun M, Juan J E de, Weiland J, Dagnelie G, Katona S, Greenberg R, Suzuki S. Pattern electrical stimulation of the human retina. Vision Research, 1999, 39, 2569–2576.

[2] Rizzo J F. Methods and perceptual thresholds for dhort-term electrical stimulation of human retina with microelectrodes arrays. Invest Ophthal & Visual Science, 2003, 44, 5355–5361.

[3] Humayun M S, Juan J E de, Dagnelie G, Greenberg R, Propst R H, Phillips H. Visual perception elicited by electrical stimulation of retina in blind humans. Archives of Ophthalmology, 1996, 114, 40–46.

[4] McDermott H. An advanced multiple channel cochlear implant. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 1989, 36, 789–797.

[5] Sollmann W P, Laszig R, Marangos N. Surgerical experiences in 58 cases using the nucleus 22 multichannel auditory brainstem implant. Journal of Laryngology & Otology, 2000, 114, 23–26.

[6] Otto S R, Brackmann D E, Hitselberger W E, Shannon R V, Kuchta J. Multichannel auditory brainstem implant: Update on performance in 61 patients. Journal of Neurosurgery, 2002, 96, 1063–1071.

[7] Kuchta J, Otto S R, Shannon R V, Hitselberger W E, Brackmann D E. The multichannel auditory brainstem implant: How many electrodes make sense? Journal of Neurosurgery, 2004, 100, 16–23.

[8] Grumet A E, Wyatt J L, Rizzo J F. Multi-electrode stimulation and recording in the isolated retina. Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 2000, 101, 31–42.

[9] Grumet A E. Electric Stimulation Parameters for an Epi-Retinal Prosthesis, PhD dissertation, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA, 1999.

[10] Talukder M I, Siy P, Auner G W. Donut probe promises the best resolution, and the least potential drop than the conventional probes used in biosensors. Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium, Houston, Texas, USA, 2006, 18–26.

[11] Humayun M S, Freda R, Fine I, Roy A, Fujii G, Greenberg R J, Little J, Mech B, Weiland J D, Juan E D. Implanted intraocular retinal prosthesis in six blind subjects. Proceedings of the ARVO annual meeting, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA, 2005.

[12] Palanker D V, Vankov A, Huie P, Baccus S. Design of high-resolution optoelectronic retinal prosthesis. Journal of Neural Engineering, 2005, 2, S105–S120.

[13] Grumet A E. Extracellular Electrical Stimulation of Retinal Ganglion Cells, Master’s thesis, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA, 1994.

[14] DeMarco S C, Lazzi G, Liu W, Weiland J D, Humayun M S. Computed SAR and thermal elevation in a 0.25mm 2-D model of the human eye and head in response to an implanted retinal stimulator—Part I: Models and methods. IEEE Transactions on Antenna and Propagation, 2003, 51, 2274–2285.

[15] Weiland J D, Anderson D J, Humayun M S. In vitro electrical properties for iridium oxide versus titanium nitride stimulating electrodes. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 2002, 49, 1574–1579.

[16] Cogan S F. Microelectrode coatings for neural stimulation and recording. Proceedings of the 25th Annual International Conference of the IEEE EMBS, Cancun, Mexico, 2003.

[17] Greenberg R J, Humayun M S, Juan E d. Electrical stimulation pulse-width determines the target cell in the frog and human retina. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 1997, 38, 183.

[18] Neubauer A S, Priglinger S, Ullrich S, Bechmann M, Thiel M J, Ulbig M W, Kampik A. Comparison of foveal thickness measured with the retinal thickness analyzer and optical coherence tomography. Retina, 2001, 21, 596–601.

[19] Margalit E, Dagnelie G, Weiland J D, Juan E d, Humayun M S. Can vision be restored by electrical stimulation? Neuroprosthetics Theory and Practice, vol. 2, series on Bioengineering and Biomedical Engineering, World Scientific Publishing Company, Singapore, 2004, 1067–1102.

[20] Varma R, Bazzaz S, Lai M. Optical tomography–measured retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in normal latinos. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 2003, 44, 3369–3373.

[21] Guimont J, Ziaie B. A batch-manufacturable uniform current density metallic-shell hemispherical microelectrode. Proceedings of the 26th Annual International conference of the IEEE EMBS, 2004, 6, 4149–4152.

[22] Beebe X, Rose T L. Charge injection limits of activated iridium oxide electrodes with 0.2ms pulses in bicarbonate buffered saline. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 1988, 35, 494–495.

[23] Rose T L, Robblee L S. Electrical stimulation with Pt electrodes. VIII. Electrochemically safe charge injection limits with 0.2ms pulses. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 1990, 37, 1118–1120.

Quick Search Adv. Search