Abstract: Improving the strength of bone cement is one of the critical goals in cement designing to maintain their integrity and stabilize connection
between the cement and their surrounding tissue during the time that the cement has been replaced by matured bone tissue. To this
aim, the authors decided to evaluate setting behavior and compressive strength of Magnesium Phosphate Cement (MPC) by adding carboxylated Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (c-SWCNTs) and assess the biocompatibility of the composite cement. MPC containing 0
wt% to 0.5 wt% of c-SWCNTs at the Powder to Liquid Ratio (PLR) of 1 g·mL?1 to 2 g·mL?1 were produced. Adding c-SWCNTs to MPC
postponed the setting time of the cement at the beginning of the cementation process and preserved the reaction with a high rate for a
longer time. In addition, the compressive strength of MPC was enhanced to 28 MPa by adding 0.2 wt% c-SWCNTs because of producing
cement with compact and uniform microstructure. In addition, cell behavior on MPC with/without c-SWCNTs indicated no cytotoxic
effect alongside a suitable adhesion and proliferation of them. 

Key words: magnesium phosphate cement, carbon nanotube, compressive strength, MTT, bone cement, biocompatibility