Abstract: Nowadays, optimization techniques are required in various engineering domains to fnd optimal solutions for complex problems. As a result, there is a growing tendency among scientists to enhance existing nature-inspired algorithms using various evolutionary strategies and to develop new nature-inspired optimization methods that can properly explore the feature space. The recently designed nature-inspired meta-heuristic, named the Golden Jackal Optimization (GJO), was inspired by the collaborative hunting actions of the golden jackal in nature to solve various challenging problems. However, like other approaches, the GJO has the limitations of poor exploitation ability, the ease of getting stuck in a local optimal region, and an improper balancing of exploration and exploitation. To overcome these limitations, this paper proposes an improved GJO algorithm based on multi-strategy mixing (LGJO). First, using a chaotic mapping strategy to initialize the population instead of using random parameters, this algorithm can generate initial solutions with good diversity in the search space. Second, a dynamic inertia weight based on cosine variation is proposed to make the search process more realistic and efectively balance the algorithm's global and local search capabilities. Finally, a position update strategy based on Gaussian mutation was introduced, fully utilizing the guidance role of the optimal individual to improve population diversity, efectively exploring unknown regions, and avoiding the algorithm falling into local optima. To evaluate the proposed algorithm, 23 mathematical benchmark functions, CEC-2019 and CEC2021 tests are employed. The results are compared to high-quality, well-known optimization methods. The results of the proposed method are compared from diferent points of view, including the quality of the results, convergence behavior, and robustness. The superiority and high-quality performance of the proposed method are demonstrated by comparing the results. Furthermore, to demonstrate its applicability, it is employed to solve four constrained industrial applications. The outcomes of the experiment reveal that the proposed algorithm can solve challenging, constrained problems and is very competitive compared with other optimization algorithms. This article provides a new approach to solving real-world optimization problems.

Key words: Golden jackal optimization , · Chaotic mapping , · Dynamic inertia weight , · Dimensional Gaussian variation , · Muskingum